5-Minute Clinical Consult: Strep Infection: Invasive Group a β-Hemolytic Streptococcus

Strep Infection: Invasive Group a β-Hemolytic Streptococcus

Description

Infection associated with isolation of group A β-hemolytic Streptococci (GABHS) from a normally sterile body site.
Infection can result in a number of syndromes: Deep and systemic infections (e.g., bacteremia, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, surgical wound infection); necrotizing fasciitis (NF); and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). Case definition for STSS includes the following:
Isolation of GABHS:
- From a normally sterile site (e.g., blood, CSF, tissue, peritoneal fluid)
- From a nonsterile site (e.g., throat, vagina, sputum)
Clinical signs of severity:
- Hypotension
- 2 or more of the following signs:
  - Renal impairment
  - Coagulopathy
  - Hepatic involvement
  - Adult respiratory distress syndrome
  - A generalized erythematous macular rash that may desquamate
  - Soft tissue necrosis, including NF or myositis, or gangrene
A definite case is an illness fulfilling criteria IA and II (A and B).
A probable case is an illness fulfilling criteria IB and II (A and B) and no other identifiable cause.

Strep Infection: Invasive Group a β-Hemolytic Streptococcus has been found in Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics

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